Karatepe-Aslantaş
Azatiwataya
Türkiye · Osmaniye
In brief
The fortress on the banks of the Ceyhan is known for its monumental gates and reliefs preserved in place. Its inscriptions, bearing the same text in Phoenician and Hieroglyphic Luwian, are an important source for understanding Anatolian hieroglyphs.
What was found?
- 1Phoenician and Luwian inscriptions
Inscriptions containing the same text written in the Phoenician alphabet and Luwian hieroglyphs have been found. The ability to compare the two languages made a significant contribution to deciphering Luwian hieroglyphs.
- 2Relief-decorated orthostats
The stone slabs lining the passages of the fortress gates were decorated with reliefs and inscriptions. Their combination of artistic features from different cultures demonstrates the region’s cultural connections.
- 3Statue of the Storm God
In the sacred area beyond the South Gate stands a monumental statue of the Storm God on a base with two bulls. The statue also bears a Phoenician inscription.
- 4North and South gates
The fortress’s two main gates were adapted to the sloping terrain with ramps and foundations at different heights. The structures show how terrain conditions were taken into account in defensive architecture.
What does it point to?
The inscriptions show that the administration expressed itself through different writing traditions. The gates, reliefs, and divine statue indicate that defense, royal narrative, and belief were united within the same monumental arrangement.
What did it teach us?
- Provided a bilingual text allowing comparison in the decipherment of Luwian hieroglyphs.
- Documented the fortress’s name, Azatiwataya, and its founder, Azatiwatas, in the inscriptions.
- Showed that Anatolian and Syrian architectural traditions were combined in the same gate structures.
Record
- Culture
- Neo-Hittite; Que/Adanawa
- First modern dig
- 1947
- Coordinates
- 37.2592°, 36.2358°
Sources
- whc.unesco.org
- turkishmuseums.kprod.kultur.gov.tr
- dergipark.org.tr
- Kültür Varlıkları ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü — Karatepe-Aslantaş
- Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı — Karatepe Aslantaş Müzesi ve Örenyeri
Nearby excavations
- Zincirli Höyük — Sam'al 43 km
- Domuztepe 71 km
- Tell Atchana – Alalakh 114 km
- Zeugma 146 km
- Yumuktepe 154 km
- Carchemish 165 km
- —
- —
- 12.000
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Arkeofili ↗ · Excavation notebook
All excavation sites (395)
Türkiye
- Acemhöyük
- Aizanoi
- Alabanda
- Alacahöyük
- Amos
- Ani
- Aphrodisias
- Arslantepe Mound
- Aspendos
- Assos
- Ayanis Fortress
- Aşıklı Höyük
- Barcın Höyük
- Blaundus
- Boncuklu Höyük
- Can Hasan I
- Carchemish
- Claros Sanctuary
- Clazomenae
- Domuztepe
- Ephesus
- Euromus
- Gordion
- Göbekli Tepe
- Hadrianopolis in Paphlagonia
- Hattusha
- Hierapolis
- Iasos
- Kaman-Kalehöyük
- Karahantepe
- Karatepe-Aslantaş
- Kaunos
- Kibyra
- Knidos
- Kültepe-Kanesh
- Laodicea on the Lycus
- Letoon Sanctuary
- Limyra
- Magnesia on the Maeander
- Medieval City of Beçin
- Metropolis in Ionia
- Miletus
- Myra
- Nemrut Dağ
- Nysa on the Maeander
- Olympus in Lycia
- Oymaağaç Höyük — Nerik
- Patara
- Pergamon
- Perge
- Phaselis
- Priene
- Sagalassos
- Sanctuary of Apollo at Didyma
- Sanctuary of Labraunda
- Sapinuwa
- Sardis
- Sayburç
- Side
- Stratonikeia
- Tell Atchana – Alalakh
- Teos
- Tripolis on the Meander
- Troy
- Uluburun Shipwreck
- Xanthos
- Yenikapı – Theodosian Harbour Excavations
- Yeşilova Höyük
- Yumuktepe
- Zerzevan Castle
- Zeugma
- Zincirli Höyük — Sam'al
- Çatalhöyük
- Çavuştepe Fortress
- Çayönü
- Çukuriçi Höyük