From a state founded in Nicaea (İznik) to Konya’s golden years, from the defeat at Köse Dağ to the beyliks: two centuries of Seljuk Anatolia.
Every date in this timeline is taken from the sourced chronology of the article we link to.
| Date | Event | Article |
|---|---|---|
| 1075–1080 | Suleiman Shah's İznik-based state takes shape. The Kültür Portalı gives 1077. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1095 | Alexios I asks the West for military help against the Seljuk Turks. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 27 November 1095 | Urban II makes the call for the crusade at Clermont. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 1096 | The People's Crusade, then the main crusader armies, set out to the east. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 21 October 1096 | Kılıç Arslan I defeats the People's Crusade in the Drakon Valley. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 1097 | İznik is lost. Konya becomes the capital. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 14 May 1097 | The siege of Nicaea begins. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 18–19 June 1097 | Nicaea is handed over to the Byzantines. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 1 July 1097 | The Battle of Dorylaeum ends in a crusader victory. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| Mid-August 1097 | The main army reaches Konya. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 20 October 1097 | The siege of Antioch begins. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 1098 | The County of Urfa is founded under Baudouin. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 3 June 1098 | Antioch falls to the crusaders. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 28 June 1098 | The crusaders defeat Kürboğa's army outside Antioch. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 15 July 1099 | Jerusalem is taken and a massacre follows. | First Crusade Through Anatolia: Nicaea, Dorylaeum, Antioch |
| 1107 | Kilij Arslan I drowns after his defeat on the Khabur. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1176 | Kilij Arslan II defeats the Byzantine army at Myriokephalon. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1176 | Manuel leads a campaign aimed at Konya; his army leaves the Lopadion (Uluabat) camp and advances through western Anatolia. | Battle of Myriokephalon 1176: Date, Location and Outcome |
| 1176, after the battle | Peace is made. The army may withdraw if the castles are demolished. | Battle of Myriokephalon 1176: Date, Location and Outcome |
| 17 September 1176 | The Battle of Myriokephalon ends in a victory for Kılıç Arslan II. | Battle of Myriokephalon 1176: Date, Location and Outcome |
| 1177 | Byzantine forces win at Hyelion and Leimocheir against the Seljuk army. | Battle of Myriokephalon 1176: Date, Location and Outcome |
| Around 1190 to 1192 | estimated birth range; the exact date is unknown. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1205 | appointed prince of Tokat. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1207 | Antalya is taken. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 30 September 1207 | Accepted birth date. Balkh and Vakhsh are both proposed as the birthplace. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 1211 | after his father's death, fought his brother Izzeddin Keykavus for the throne. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1212 | surrendered and was imprisoned at Minşar Castle. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1214 | Sinop is taken. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1218 | Construction of Hekim Han begins. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1220–1237 | Reign of Alâeddin Kayqubad I. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1220 | released from prison and enthroned as sultan of the Seljuks of Rum. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1221 or 1222 | conquered Kalonoros, renamed Alaiye. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1222 | Kalonoros is taken and renamed Alâiye. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1223 | had leading Seljuk emirs executed. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1226 | built the Red Tower in Alanya. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1227 | married the Ayyubid princess Melike Adile Hatun in Malatya. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1228 | ended the Erzincan Mengücek line; built the Alanya shipyard. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 3 May 1228 | per the Ministry biography, Mevlana and his family arrived in Konya at his invitation. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 3 May 1228 | The family settles in Konya from Karaman, by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism's dating. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 1229 | Aksaray Sultan Han is built on the order of Alâeddin Keykubad I. | Seljuk Caravanserais: Silk Road Hotels Every 40 Kilometers |
| 1230 | defeated Celaleddin Harizmşah at Yassıçemen. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1231 | Bahâeddin Veled dies. Rumi takes over his teaching post. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 1232–1236 | Kayseri Sultanhanı is built, according to the Culture Portal. | Seljuk Caravanserais: Silk Road Hotels Every 40 Kilometers |
| 1237 | named Izzeddin Kılıçarslan heir. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1237 | buried in Konya; succeeded by Giyaseddin Keyhusrev II. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 31 May 1237 | died in Kayseri according to TDV and Turkish Wikipedia; the university page gives 1 June. | Kayqubad I: The Golden Age of the Seljuks of Rum Explained |
| 1240–1241 | The lion-and-sun dirham is struck in Konya. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1240–1241 | The courtyard of Karatay Hanı is completed. | Seljuk Caravanserais: Silk Road Hotels Every 40 Kilometers |
| 1240 | The Seljuk eastern army at Erzurum is recalled to suppress the Babai Revolt. | The Battle of Köse Dağ 1243: Seljuks Defeated by Mongols |
| 1242 | Baiju Noyan captures and plunders Erzurum. | The Battle of Köse Dağ 1243: Seljuks Defeated by Mongols |
| 1243 | The Köse Dağ defeat brings tribute to the Mongols. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| Spring 1243 | The Seljuk army gathers at Kayseri and advances toward Köse Dağ by way of Sivas. | The Battle of Köse Dağ 1243: Seljuks Defeated by Mongols |
| 1243 (day disputed) | The Seljuks are defeated at Köse Dağ. Sources give 26 June, 1 July or 3 July. | The Battle of Köse Dağ 1243: Seljuks Defeated by Mongols |
| After the battle, 1243 | The Mongols advance on Sivas, Kayseri and Erzincan. Peace follows through the talks of Mühezzibüddin Ali, with yearly payments. | The Battle of Köse Dağ 1243: Seljuks Defeated by Mongols |
| 15 November 1244 | Rumi meets Shams of Tabriz in Konya. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 1249–1254 | Three sultans share the throne. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1253–1254 | The covered section of Denizli Akhan is finished, then its courtyard. | Seljuk Caravanserais: Silk Road Hotels Every 40 Kilometers |
| After 1256 | Mongol supremacy in Anatolia continues as Ilkhanate rule. | The Battle of Köse Dağ 1243: Seljuks Defeated by Mongols |
| Around 1256 | Karaman Bey emerges as a political figure around Ermenek and Mut, and the beylik takes his name. | Karamanids: The Beylik That Made Turkish Official |
| 1264 | The İnce Minareli Madrasa is built in Konya. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 13 May 1264 | Date written into the second book of the Masnavi. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 17 December 1273 | Rumi dies in Konya. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 1274 | The first tomb is built over his grave. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| May 1277 | Mehmed Bey takes Konya. A divan decision on the use of Turkish is taken during Siyavuş's attempt at the sultanate. | Karamanids: The Beylik That Made Turkish Official |
| 1278 | Aksaray Sultan Han is repaired and enlarged after a fire. | Seljuk Caravanserais: Silk Road Hotels Every 40 Kilometers |
| 1278 | Mehmed bin Abdullah Konevî copies the six-volume Masnavi kept in the museum. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| Late 13th century | Turkmen beys begin to declare independence. | The Battle of Köse Dağ 1243: Seljuks Defeated by Mongols |
| 1308 | Mesud II dies. This is the generally accepted end date. | The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum: The Turkish State Ruled from Konya |
| 1327 | The Nisan Tası, sent by Ebû Said Bahadır Han, arrives at the lodge. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 1382 | The Hatuniye Medresesi is built in Karaman. | Karamanids: The Beylik That Made Turkish Official |
| 1398 | Yıldırım Bayezid takes a large part of Karamanid land. | Karamanids: The Beylik That Made Turkish Official |
| 1402 | Karamanid rule is re-established after the Battle of Ankara. | Karamanids: The Beylik That Made Turkish Official |
| 1444 | İbrahim Bey accepts Ottoman vassalage by treaty. | Karamanids: The Beylik That Made Turkish Official |
| 1468 | Konya passes to Ottoman rule in the reign of Mehmed the Conqueror. | Karamanids: The Beylik That Made Turkish Official |
| 1474 | The remaining Karamanid regions come under Ottoman control. | Karamanids: The Beylik That Made Turkish Official |
| 1487 | Mahmud Bey flees to Aleppo. Remaining dynastic rule ends. | Karamanids: The Beylik That Made Turkish Official |
| 1565 | A new marble sarcophagus is made. Rumi's wooden one moves to his father's grave. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 1854 | The lodge's specialist library is founded. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 25 February 2000 | Seljuk caravanserais on the Denizli–Doğubayazıt route go onto UNESCO's Tentative List. | Seljuk Caravanserais: Silk Road Hotels Every 40 Kilometers |
| 2005 | UNESCO proclaims the Mevlevi Sema Ceremony a Masterpiece. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 2008 | The Sema Ceremony enters UNESCO's Representative List. | Who Was Rumi? His Tomb in Konya and the Story of the Masnavi |
| 22 August 2026 | Anadolu Ajansı reports that surface surveys continue at the Bağırsak Boğazı. | Battle of Myriokephalon 1176: Date, Location and Outcome |